"Do I need planning permission?" comes up on nearly every first call about an extension, and it's worth separating out what permitted development actually covers before assuming either way.
Permitted development, in plain terms
Permitted development rights let you build certain extensions without a full planning application, provided you stay within set limits on size, height and position. A single-storey rear extension on a semi-detached or terraced house can generally go up to 6 metres from the original rear wall (8 metres for a detached house), subject to height limits and, in some cases, a neighbour consultation process rather than a full application.
These rules get tighter for side extensions, upper floors, and anything near a boundary, and they don't apply at all in some conservation areas or to listed buildings. This is exactly why we check your specific property before designing anything, rather than assuming a rule of thumb applies.
When you'll need full planning permission
Double-storey extensions, wraparound extensions, and anything exceeding permitted development limits need a full application to the local planning authority. This adds time, typically 8 weeks for a decision once the application is validated, sometimes longer if it's called in for committee review, and adds the cost of drawings and the application fee.
A Lawful Development Certificate
Even if a project falls under permitted development, you can apply for a Lawful Development Certificate, a formal confirmation from the council that the work doesn't need planning permission. It costs less than a full application and isn't compulsory, but it's useful to have on file if you ever sell the house and a buyer's solicitor asks for proof.
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About the author
Written by JLS Building & Property Development Ltd, a family-run building contractor covering Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire. FMB member and SafeContractor approved. More about us. This guide is general information, not professional or legal advice for your specific project.